Each year nearly 21 million family members suffer injuries in the home. Here are some suggestions that could help you prevent an injury within your home. Check every room in your house to make your home is safe from the following hazards.
Falling (the most common injury in homes)
- 保持地板清洁. 立即清理溢出物.
- 如果你用地毯, place them over a rug liner or choose rugs with non-skid backs to reduce your chance of falling.
- Use a non-slip mat or install adhesive strips in your tub or shower.
- Tuck away telephone, computer and electrical cords out of walkways.
- All stairs and steps need handrails. If you have stairs in your home and have children, use baby gates at the top and bottom of the stairs.
- Have all walkways well-lit and use night lights as needed.
- 有能用的手电筒吗.
中毒
- Keep all hazardous materials and liquids out of the reach of children.
- Keep medications out of the reach of children.
- Know your local poison control number or dial 1-800-222-1222.
防火和防火
- Have smoke detectors in every level of your home, and replace batteries at least once per year.
- Test each smoke detector once a month, if not working check the batteries.
- Have a fire plan and be sure all family members know what to do if there's a fire.
- Place covers over electrical outlets.
- Keep children away from the stove and never leave the stove unattended while cooking.
- Keep matches and lighters out of the reach of children.
火
- 记得 出去，呆在外面，打电话 911 or your local emergency phone number.
- 大喊“火!" several times and go outside right away. If you live in a building with elevators, use the stairs. Leave all your things where they are and save yourself.
- If closed doors or handles are warm or smoke blocks your primary escape route, 走第二条路. Never open doors that are warm to the touch.
- If you must escape through smoke, get low and go under the smoke to your exit. 关上身后的门.
- If smoke, heat or flames block your exit routes, stay in the room with doors closed. Place a wet towel under the door and call the fire department or 911. Open a window and wave a brightly colored cloth or flashlight to signal for help.
- Once you are outside, go to your meeting place and then send one person to call the fire department. If you cannot get to your meeting place, follow your family emergency communication plan.
Natural disaster (blizzard, earthquake, hurricane, or tornado)
- In disaster-prone areas, store food and extra bottled water. Have a transistor radio, flashlights and extra batteries.
- 检查受伤情况.
- Check your home for any gas or water leaks and turn off appropriate valves.
- Stay away from windows or broken glass. 任何时候都要穿鞋.
- 必要时疏散区域.
- 如果需要疏散, go to the nearest shelter and notify the organizers of any special needs you have.
停电
- Notify your gas and electric companies if there is a loss of power. Report any special needs for a back-up generator to the electric and gas companies.
- Have a transistor radio, flashlights, batteries and/or candles available. (If on oxygen, turn it off before lighting candles.)
- To prevent carbon monoxide poisoning, 使用发电机, 压力垫圈, 烤架, 类似的物品只能在户外使用.
- If the power is out longer than two hours, throw away food that has a temperature higher than 40°F.
- Check with local authorities to make sure your water is safe.
- In hot weather, stay cool by drinking plenty of fluids to prevent heat-related illness.
- In cold weather, wear layers of clothing which help to keep in body heat.
- Avoid downed power lines, if a power line falls on your car, you should stay inside the vehicle.
洪水
- In flood-prone areas, store extra food and extra bottled water.
- Have a transistor radio, flashlights and batteries available. Get a pipe wrench to shut off valves for gas and water. Report any special needs for a back-up generator to the electric and gas companies.
- Unplug your infusion pump unless the IV pole is touching water.
- 撤离该地区.
- 联系 the local law enforcement, civil defense and/or emergency preparedness.
For more information, please visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or 美国红十字会.